This is a simple TeXLive 2012 installation guide from Ubuntu via ISO file.
First, download the TeXLive ISO file from http://ftp.ctex.org/mirrors/CTAN/systems/texlive/Images/
Next, for a GUI installation, in terminal, type
sudo apt-get install perl-tk
Next, we mount the ISO file and start the installation process
sudo mount -o loop texlive2011*.iso /mnt cd /mnt sudo ./install-tl --gui
After installation, it prompts something like
Add /usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/man to MANPATH, if not dynamically determined. Add /usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/info to INFOPATH. Most importantly, add /usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/i386-linux to your PATH for current and future sessions. Welcome to TeX Live! Logfile: /usr/local/texlive/2012/install-tl.log
To continue, open the bash.bashrc file
sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc
and paste the followings in the end
PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/i386-linux:$PATH; export PATH MANPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/man:$MANPATH; export MANPATH INFOPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/info:$INFOPATH; export INFOPATH
Open the manpath.config file
sudo gedit /etc/manpath.config
Under the line # set up PATH to MANPATH mapping, add this line
MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/i386-linux /usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/man
Finally, we install getnonfreefonts script
wget http://tug.org/fonts/getnonfreefonts/install-getnonfreefonts texlua install-getnonfreefonts cd /usr/local/bin ln -s /usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/i386-linux/getnonfreefonts ln -s /usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/i386-linux/getnonfreefonts-sys getnonfreefonts-sys -a
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The installation exits with the following error, in Ubuntu 12.10
untarring /usr/local/texlive/2012/temp/2up.tar failed. stopping install
I do not know exactly, but the reason for this may be that your downloaded file has been crashed. You can download the file and re-install again, or just install the TeXLive 2009 from the Ubuntu repository.